189062 †Prisons provide the ideal opportunity Essays

189062 – Prisons provide the ideal opportunity Essays 189062 – Prisons provide the ideal opportunity Essay 189062 – Prisons provide the ideal opportunity Essay 189062 – Prisons provide the ideal chance for handling drug users. Discuss. A comparatively high proportion of offense is committed by wrongdoers who misuse drugs. It is hence recognized that the condemnable justness system can play a cardinal function in undertaking single jobs of drug maltreatment, by supplying intervention to wrongdoers convicted of drug-related offenses. Prison offers a premier chance for promoting drug misusers to prosecute in intervention and support procedures. The Prison Service has in topographic point a model of intervention and support to turn to a broad scope of drug abuse jobs ( Home Office ) . [ 1 ] This essay will analyze the claims that prison provides the ideal chance for handling drug users. The strongest forecaster of offense among male childs and work forces is drug usage ( Home Office, 2000a ) . It has been calculated that wrongdoers feeding their drug wonts commit one in three burglaries and street robberies, together with a high sum of crack-related force and harlotry. The estimated cost of drug-driven offense is ?304 billion a twelvemonth. ( Nacro, 1999a ) . [ 2 ] These figures highlight the relationship between drug-use and offense. Through media coverage of statistics such as these the public identify drug usage as the predominant underlying cause of offense. Although, this perceptual experience is inaccurate, it is important in cut downing society’s fright of offense that the authorities are seen to penalize wrongdoers and tackle drug jobs head-on. Prisons are considered to be establishments for both punishing and rehabilitating wrongdoers. As grounds points to a relationship between drug abuse and offense, cut downing the abuse of drugs, should cut down offense Prisons can play a important function in rehabilitating drug users: †¦for at least the last 11 old ages at that place has been acknowledgment that intervention for drug dependence can take to decreases in offense behavior ( Barton, 2003:142 ) . Bean ( 2002:48-49 ) offers three chief grounds why intervention should be available in prisons: The first is to supply intervention for those who say they want it ; †¦Secondly, intervention programmes cut down the extent of drug usage in prisons by and large. Third, intervention in prison besides provides a agency by which drug users can be after for their release ( Bean, 2002:48-49 ) . The foundations of the prison drug intervention model are the Counselling, Assessment, Referral, Advice and Throughcare ( CARAT ) services. These run into the non-clinical demands of the great bulk of captives, supplying low threshold, low strength drug services. There are besides Intensive Treatment Programmes to run into the demands of captives with moderate to terrible drug abuse jobs and related piquing behavior. The quality of these intervention programmes is at least equal to anything provided in the community ( Home Office ) . [ 3 ] Much treatment has taken topographic point as to how successful these intervention programmes are. Are they readily available, good delivered, and do they really work? Many observers note that prisons are restricted in the scope of drug intervention programmes they can offer. This is chiefly due to the limited handiness of installations and staff and the length of clip that captives are in detention. For this ground many argue that these programmes are non specific to the jobs of single wrongdoers and are mostly uneffective. John Burrows et Al ( 2000:3 ) reported that the proviso of drug services throughout prison constitutions was uneven and captives reported that the intervention frequently depended on what was available instead than what was appropriate to their demands. [ 4 ] It is argued that handling drug users in prison is mostly unsuccessful as drugs are readily available within the prison walls. Burrows et Al ( 2000:3 ) study that drug pickings among prison populations prior to captivity is high, with usage in the 12 months before come ining prison runing from 40 % to approximately 70 % . Findingss from captive self-report surveies show that many continue to utilize drugs whilst in detention. [ 5 ] Hough produced a study for the Home Office ( 1996 ) analyzing drug abuse and the condemnable justness system. He highlighted the undermentioned issues: Illegal drugs are widely available in prisons, and the defeats of prison life may increase the attraction of drugs to captives. Inmate civilization in some establishments can put a positive value on drug usage, and drugs are of import in the captive economic system. Whatever prisons may accomplish, intervention is provided in an environment which is nil like the one into which inmates are released ( Hough, 1996:40 ) . There is small grounds to propose that handling drug-users in prison has had a important influence on the piquing behavior of those treated. Bean ( 2002: 49 ) argues that it is non yet possible to estimate the impact of the intervention of drug users in prison for a figure of grounds. †¦it is non clear what standards should be used to mensurate the impact of programmes or to find to what extent captivity itself was of greater importance than the intervention. Reconvictions, and possibly go oning drug usage, are the lone steps by and large available but these are non ever valid steps and are seldom dependable. In decision, there is much public and political involvement in the decrease of drug abuse and drug-related offense. Most observers agree that prison provides an ideal chance to undertake single drug jobs: In an ideal universe, prisons would†¦provide a alone chance for handling job drug users. Prisons have control over their inmates ; prisons have clip to consequence alteration ; and the fringy costs of supplying intervention are modest in comparing with the costs of imprisonment ( Hough, 1996:40 ) . However, there are a figure of issues that continue to blockade any important success. As South ( 2002:930 ) concludes: The small research available suggests that imprisonment may hold small consequence on drug or drug related offense behavior. Furthermore, prison is non by and large an effectual environment for cut downing committedness to a drug-using life style. Mentions Barton, A. ( 2003 )Illicit Drugs: Use and Control, London: Routledge. Bean, P. ( 2002 )Drugs and Crime, Cullompton: Willan Publishing. Hough, M. ( 1996 )Drugs Misuse and the Criminal Justice System: A reappraisal of the literature, Home Office. Joyce, P. ( 2001 )Crime and the Criminal Justice System, Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. South, N. ( 2002 ) ‘Drugs, Alcohol, and Crime’ , in Maguire, M. Morgan, R. A ; Reiner, R. ( 2002 )The Oxford Handbook of Criminology ( Third Edition) , Oxford: Oxford University Press. www.drugs.gov.uk/drug-interventions-programme/strategy/prison/ Word Count: 1004 1

The eNotes Blog Owl Eyes Annotated Texts A Great Resource to Add to Your Teacher Toolbox ÂÂ

Owl Eyes Annotated Texts A Great Resource to Add to Your Teacher Toolbox  Ã‚   The beginning of a new season  is always a good time to consider new ways to engage students in the classroom. One way to do it- only a few keyboard clicks away- is to incorporate Owl Eyes annotated texts into lesson plans and instruction. In case you’re unfamiliar with using the annotated texts at Owl Eyes, here are a few things to know to get started. First of all, they’re free, and they’re comprehensive! At Owl Eyes you will find hundreds of poems, short stories, novels, and essays to which instructional annotations have been added throughout the texts- and hundreds of additional annotated works are on the way. In the annotated texts, individual words and specific passages are highlighted. Clicking on a highlighted word or passage displays an annotation that enhances reading comprehension and understanding of the text: Some annotations define vocabulary words. Some provide information about the author or place the text in a literary context. Some explain allusions, clarify language, or interpret passages for implied meaning. Some feature reading-check quiz questions and answers. The annotated texts can be used in a variety of ways to accomplish different purposes in the classroom. For instance, they’re a great resource to use in planning lessons: Reading the annotations provides a quick review of the content of the text. Annotations draw attention to important points to include in instruction and class discussion. Vocabulary lists can be constructed from the specific words in the text that are highlighted and defined in annotations. Quiz questions and answers found in the annotations can be used in assessment. If you have the technology to incorporate the annotated texts into classroom activities, the texts become useful in even more ways as students read on their own. Because the texts are interactive, students  become engaged in their own learning as they move through a reading selection and click on the highlights to access the annotations: Unfamiliar vocab words are defined for them immediately, increasing their reading comprehension. Answers to  reading-check quiz questions provide  immediate feedback. Allusions, figures of speech, and contextual references are explained and clarified. Interpretations of various passages can prompt critical thinking and inquiry. Having students work directly with the annotated texts makes it possible to use them  in reteaching, enrichment, differentiation, independent study, and class review. They are helpful in modifying instruction as needed; making individual reading assignments from the texts allows students to read and work at their own pace. Also, many of the annotated texts feature supplementary instructional resources, such as  Notes and Reading Pointers for Sharper Insight. It’s traditional with the arrival of the new year to say, â€Å"Out with the old, and in with the new!† That’s good advice when it comes to bad habits, but to jettison tried-and-true teaching strategies because they are â€Å"old† makes no sense at all. What does make sense is using new resources in implementing new strategies to reach students more effectively. In fact, it makes perfect sense when you remember what a monumental job it is to educate kids! This year as you consider new ways to enhance instruction and learning in your classroom, check out the annotated texts at Owl Eyes. They’re great resources to add to your toolbox and use in many different ways to get  the job done. This is a post from Staff Writer, Susan Hurn. Susan is a former high school English teacher and college instructor. She loves writing for and also enjoys good books, creative writing, and all things related to history.  Let us know if you’re interested in  contributing to the   blog.